Center on Health Disparities

Archived Research Publications

1. Strauss, JF 3rd.  Extracellular Matrix Dynamics and Fetal Membrane Rupture.  Reproductive Science. 2013 Feb 20(2): 140-153. doi: 10.1177/193371911142454.  PMCID: LMC3826277

2. Vanderbilt, A; Wright, MS. Infant Mortality: A Call to Action Overcoming Health Disparities in the United States. Medical Education Online, 2013 Sep 10; 18: 22503.doi:10.3402/meo.v 18:0.22503. PMCID:PMC3772318.

3. Vanhille DL, Hill LD, Hilliard DD, Lee ED, Teves ME, Srinivas S, Kusanovic JP, Gomez R, Stratikos E, Elovitz MA, Romero R, Strauss JF 3rd. A Novel ERAP2 Haplotype Structure in a Chilean Population: Implications for ERAP2 Protein Expression and Preeclampsia Risk. Mol Genet Genomic Med. 2013 Jul 1;1(2):98-107. PMCID: PMC3769221

4. York TP, Eaves LJ, Lichtenstein P, Neale MC, Svensson A, Latendresse S, Långström N, Strauss JF 3rd. Fetal and maternal genes' influence on gestational age in a quantitative genetic analysis of 244,000 Swedish births. Am J Epidemiol. 2013 Aug 15;178(4):543-50. PMCID: PMC3736752

5. Seinfeld S, Pellock JM. Recent Research on Febrile Seizures: A review. J Neurol Neurophysiology 2013; 4: 165. doi: 10.4172/2155-9562.100065.

6. Mousa AA, Strauss JF 3rd, Walsh SW.  Reduced methylation of the thromboxane synthase gene is correlated with its increased vascular expression in preeclamsia. Hypertension. 2012 Jun; 59(6): 1249-55. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111188730. Epub 2012 Apr 9

7. Mousa AA, Capello R, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Shukla J, Romero R, Strauss JF 3rd,  Walsh SW.  Preeclamsia is associated with alterations in DNA methylation of genes involved in collagen metabolism. Am J Pathol. 2012 Oct; 181(4): 1455-63, doi: 10 1016/j.jpath.2012.06.019. Epub 2012 Aug 3

8. Mousa AA, Archer KA, Cappello R, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Isaacs CR, Strauss JF 3rd, Walsh SW.  DNA Methylation is Altered in Maternal Blood Vessels of Women with Preeclamsia. Reproductive Science. 2012 Dec; 19(12): 1332-1342. doi: 10.177/1933719112450336. PMCID: PMC4046447

PROJECT 1: Genetics of Preterm Birth in African-Americans -- PI: Jerome F. Strauss, III, M.D., Ph.D.  

1. Estrada-Gutierrez G, Cappello RE, Mishra N, Romero R, Strauss JF 3rd, Walsh SW.Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in systemic vessels of preeclamptic women: a critical mediator of vascular dysfunction. Am J Pathol. 2011 Jan;178(1):451-60. PMCID: (JAN, 2011)

2. Hill LD, York TP, Kusanovic JP, Gomez R, Eaves LJ, et al. (2011)Epistasis between COMT and MTHFR in Maternal-Fetal Dyads Increases Risk for Preeclampsia. PLoS ONE 6(1): e16681. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016681. PMCID: (JAN 2011)

3. Anum EA, Retchin SM, Garland SL, Strauss JF. Medicaid and Preterm Births in Virginia: An Analysis of Recent Outcomes. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 19(11):1969-75 2010. PMCID: in progress.

4. Anum EA, Brown HL, Strauss JF 3rd. Health disparities in risk for cervical insufficiency.Hum Reprod. 25(11):2894-900, 2010. PMCID: PMC2955555

5. Harwich MD Jr, Alves JM, Buck GA, Strauss JF 3rd, Patterson JL, Oki AT, Girerd PH, Jefferson KK.Drawing the line between commensal and pathogenic Gardnerella vaginalis through genome analysis and virulence studies. BMC Genomics. 2010 Jun 11;11:375. PMCID: PMC2890570

6. Chen C, Hill LD, Shubert CM, Strauss JF 3rd, Matthews CA.Is laminin gamma-1 a candidate gene for advanced pelvic organ prolapse? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 May;202(5):505.e1-5. PMCID: in progress

7. Anum EA, Retchin SM, Strauss JF 3rd. Medicaid and preterm birth and low birth weight: the last two decades. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2010 Mar;19(3):443-51.PMID: 20141370; PMCID in progress.

8. York TP, Strauss JF 3rd, Neale MC, Eaves LJ. Racial differences in genetic and environmental risk to preterm birth. PLoS One. 2010 Aug 25;5(8). pii: e12391.PMID: 20811627 [PubMed - in process]Free PMC Article

9. Macones GA, Parry S, Nelson DB, Strauss JF, Ludmir J, Cohen AW, Stamilio DM, Appleby D, Clothier B, Sammel MD, Jeffcoat M. Treatment of localized periodontal disease in pregnancy does not reduce the occurrence of preterm birth: results from the Periodontal Infections and Prematurity Study (PIPS). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Feb;202(2):147.e1-8.

10. York TP, Strauss JF 3rd, Neale MC, Eaves LJ. Estimating fetal and maternal genetic contributions to premature birth from multiparous pregnancy histories of twins using MCMC and maximum-likelihood approaches. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2009 Aug;12(4):333-42.PMID: 19653833 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Free PMC ArticleFree textRelated citations

11. Ferrell G, Lu M, Stoddard P, Sammel MD, Romero R, Strauss JF 3rd, Matthews CA. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter of the LOXL1 gene and its relationship to pelvic organ prolapse and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Reprod Sci. 2009 May;16(5):438-46. Epub 2009 Jan 30.PMID: 19182211 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Free PMC Article

12. Pawluk David Burch D, Strauss, III JF, Peng T, Woodward A.  The Momedemameter: An Affordable Pre-Eclampsia Detector for Low Resource EnvironmentsJ. Med. Devices 2009; 3, 0145012

13. Anum EA, Hill LD, Pandya A, Strauss JF 3rd. Connective tissue and related disorders and preterm birth: clues to genes contributing to prematurity. Placenta. 2009 Mar;30(3):207-15. Epub 2009 Jan 18. Review.PMID: 19152976 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Free PMC Article

14. Anum EA, Springel EH, Shriver MD, Strauss JF 3rd. Genetic contributions to disparities in preterm birth. Pediatr Res. 2009 Jan;65(1):1-9. Review.PMID: 18787421 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Free PMC Article

15. Wang H, Sammel MD, Tromp G, Gotsch F, Halder I, Shriver MD, Romero R, Strauss JF 3rd. A 12-bp deletion in the 5'-flanking region of the SERPINH1 gene affects promoter activity and protects against preterm premature rupture of membranes in African Americans. Hum Mutat. 2008 Feb;29(2):332.PMID: 18205191 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

16. Wang H, Ogawa M, Wood JR, Bartolomei MS, Sammel MD, Kusanovic JP, Walsh SW, Romero R, Strauss JF 3rd. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms combine to control MMP1 expression and its association with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Hum Mol Genet. 2008 Apr 15;17(8):1087-96. Epub 2008 Jan 4.PMID: 18178580 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]Free Article

Abstracts:

1. Estrada G, Cappello R, Strauss JF III, Walsh SW. Neutrophils alter expression of vascular smooth muscle collagen regulating genes. Presented at the 55th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, March 26-29, 2008, San Diego, CA, Reprod Sci, 15 (Supplement): 291A, 2008 (Abstract #817)

2. Cappello R, Estrada G, Gerk PM, Strauss JF III, Walsh SW. Epigenetic control of collagen regulating genes in vascular smooth muscle.
Presented at the 55th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, March 26-29, 2008, San Diego, CA, Reprod Sci, 15 (Supplement): 73A, 2008 (Abstract #43)

3. Estrada G, Cappello R, Strauss JF III, Walsh SW. Neutrophils alter expression of vascular smooth muscle collagen regulating genes.
Presented at The 4th Annual \Women’s Health Research Day, April 16, 2008, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (Abstract #27) *Elizabeth Fries Young Investigator Award

4. Cappello R, Estrada G, Gerk PM, Strauss JF III, Walsh SW. Epigenetic control of collagen regulating genes in vascular smooth muscle. Presented at The 4th Annual Women’s Health Research Day, April 16, 2008, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (Abstract #19)

5. Estrada-Gutierrez G, Cappello R, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Neutrophils Alter Expression of Vascular Smooth Muscle Collagen Regulating Genes. Presented at the 16th World Congress of the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy, September 20-24, 2008, Washington DC, Hypertens Pregn, 27: 651, 2008 (Abstract, p. 651)

6. Estrada-Gutierrez G, Cappello R, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. TNFa alters extracellular matrix gene expression and protein secretion in
human vascular smooth muscle cells. Presented at the 16th World Congress of the International Society for the Study of

Hypertension in Pregnancy, September 20-24, 2008, Washington DC, Hypertens Pregn, 27: 650, 2008 (Abstract, p. 650) *ISSHP Young Investigator Travel Award

7. Cappello R, Estrada G, Washington S, Gerk P, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Epigenetic regulation in MMP1 expression could be associated with vascular dysfunction. Presented at the 16th World Congress of the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy, September 20-24, 2008, Washington DC, Hypertens Pregn, 27: 487, 2008 (Abstract, p. 487)

8. Estrada-Gutierrez G, Cappello R, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Vascular smooth muscle collagen regulating genes are altered in preeclampsia. Presented at the Population Health Program Network Meeting, The Fogarty International Center, NIH, October 31,

2008, Bethesda, MD (Abstract)

9. Estrada-Gutierrez G, Cappello R, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. MMP-1 is increased in the vasculature of women with preeclampsia.
Presented at the 12th Annual Symposium on Frontiers in Reproduction, Marine Biological Laboratory, June 11-13, 2009, Woods

Hole, MA (Abstract)

10. Nugent WH, Washington SL, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Epigenetic regulation of interleukin-17 cytokines and their role in neutrophil infiltration in preeclampsia. Presented at the 60th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, March 20-23, 2013, Orlando, FL Reprod Sci (Supplement) 20: 267A (Abstract F-257)

PROJECT 2: Periodontal Infection, Antiphospholipids, and Prematurity --

  1. I.: Harvey L. Schenkein, D.D.S, Ph.D.
  2. I.: Phil Gerk, Pharm.D., Ph.D.
  3. Masho SW, Chapman D, Ashby M.  The Impact of Paternity and Marital Status on Low Birth Weight and Preterm Births.  Marriage & Family Review.  2010, 46:  243 – 256.
  4. Masho SW, Keyser-MarcusL, Varner S, et al. Addressing Perinatal Disparities in Urban Setting: Using Community Based Participatory Research. Journal of Community Psychology. (In press)

Schenkein,  H.A, , Koertge, T.E., Brooks, C.N., Sabatini, R., Purkall, D.E., and Tew, J.G.  IL-17 in Sera from Patients with Aggressive Periodontitis (submitted).

PROJECT 3: Reducing HIV: Safer Sex Skill Building in Pregnant, Drug Abusing Women -- P.I.: Dace Svikis, Ph.D 

Presentations: 

1. Svikis, D.S.,Terrell, D. and Langhorst, D.  Prenatal risks for tobacco, alcohol and other drug use in an urban population:  Correlations with history of premature delivery. 31st Annual meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism Scientific Conference, Washington, D.C., July, 2008

2. Terrell, D., Langhorst, D., Phipps, L., Karjane, N., Smith, C., and Svikis, D. Prenatal risks for substance use in an urban clinic population. Poster presented at the 4th Annual Women’s Health Research Day, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, April, 2008.

3. Terrell, D.  Barriers to Clinical Trials with Treatment Seeking and Non-Seeking Pregnant Drug   Abusing Women.  American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry December, 2008. 

4. Choi, J., Langhorst, D., Gastrock, K., Keyser-Marcus, L., Svikis. D.. Increasing follow –up rates in Alcohol Research: Lessons Learned form an Intervention Study of Women With Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) 32nd Annual Research Society on Alcoholism Scientific Conference, San Diego, California, June 2009

5. Svikis, D. “Caffeine Dependence & Family History of Alcoholism Predict Continued Use of Caffeine During Pregnancy”; NIDA-ODC sponsored 2-day Symposium “Caffeine:  Is the Next Problem Already Brewing?”  July 7-8, 2009.  Rockville, MD.

6. Terrell, D., Gray, J., Hart, A., Keyser-Marcus, L., Phipps, L., Haug, N., Stitzer, M., and Svikis, D.. Differences in Recent Past Drug use in a Treatment Sample of Pregnant Drug Dependent Women With and Without Comorbid Prenatal Alcohol Use. 32ndAnnual Research Society on Alcoholism Scientific Conference, San Diego, California, June 2009

7. Terrell, D., Langhorst, D., Phipps, L., Karjane, N., and Svikis, D.. Interests and Barriers to HIV/STD Prevention efforts in Treatment Seeking and Non-Treatment Seeking Pregnant Women at Risk for Prenatal Drinking. 32nd Annual Research Society on Alcoholism Scientific Conference, San Diego, California, June 2009

8. Terrell, D.L., Villalobos, G.,  Karjane, N., Smith. C.E., and Svikis, D.S.. Prenatal Screening for Alcohol Use: Differences in First and Second/ Third Trimester Women.

Annual Research Society on Alcoholism Scientific Conference, San Antonio, June 2010

9. Villalobos, G., Terrell, D.L., Karjane, N., Smith, C.E.,  and Svikis., D.S.. Prenatal Drinking: Finding the Best Screening Tools for African American and Caucasian Women. Annual Research Society on Alcoholism Scientific Conference, San Antonio, June 2010

10. Smith, C.E., Terrell, D. L., Ondersma, S. J., Villalobos, G. , Karjane, N., and  Svikis, D.S.. (Wo)man vs Machine: A comparison of a computer- vs interviewer-directed assessment of perinatal drug use and HIV/STD risk behaviors. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence (CPDD), Scottsdale, Arizona June 2010

These data were also presented at the American Psychological Association meeting in August, 2010 (at invitation of NIDA).            

11. Terrell, D.L., Villalobos, G.,  Karjane, N., Smith. C.E., and Svikis, D.S. Prenatal Screening for Alcohol Use: Differences in First and Second/ Third Trimester Women. Presented at Annual RSA Scientific Conference, San Antonio, TX., June 2010

12. Villalobos, G., Terrell, D.L., Karjane, N., Smith, C.E., and Svikis., D.S.. Prenatal Drinkning: Finding the Best Screening Tools for African American and Caucasian Women. Presented at Annual RSA Scientific Conference, San Antonio, TX, June 2010

13. Smith, C.E., Terrell, D. L., Ondersma, S. J., Villalobos, G. , Karjane, N., and  Svikis, D.S.. (Wo)man vs Machine: A comparison of a computer- vs interviewer-directed assessment of perinatal drug use and HIV/STD risk behaviors. Presented at Annual CPDD Scientific Conference,  Scottsdale, AZ., June 2010 (NOTE:  These data were also presented at the American Psychological Association meeting in August, 2010 (by invitation from National Institute on Drug Abuse)         

Publications/Manuscripts:

1. Hull, L., May, J., Farrell-Moore, D., Svikis, D.S..Treatment of Cocaine Abuse During Pregnancy: Translating Research into Clinical Practice. Curr Psychiatry Rep.2010 Oct;12(5):454-61.

2. Terrell, D.L., Villalobos, G., Langhorst, D., Karjane, N. and Svikis, D.S.. Planning Ahead:  Identifying Barriers to Clinical Trial Participation in African American and Caucasian Women.  Journal of Women’s Health (Submitted)

3. Smith, C.E., Sepulveda, A., Terrell, D. L., and Svikis, D.S. A Preliminary Examination of HIV/STD Risk Behaviors in an Urban OB Sample. Journal of Women’s Health

PILOT PROJECT: Enhancing Fetal Exposure to Antiretroviral Medications --

1. Gulati A, Boudinot FD, Gerk PM. Binding of lopinavir to human alpha1-acid glycoprotein and serum albumin. Drug Metab Dispos 2009;37(8):1572-5. PMCID: PMC2712434

2. Gulati A, Gerk PM. Role of placental ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2009;98(7):2317-35. PMID: 19067393

3. Gerk PM. Quantitative Immunofluorescent Blotting of the Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein 2 (MRP2).  J Pharmacol Toxicol Meth 2010; accepted.

4. Verenich S, Gerk PM. Therapeutic promises of 2-methoxyestradiol and its drug disposition challenges.  Mol Pharmaceutics 2010: in press.

PILOT PROJECT: Racial Difference in Genetic and Environmental Factors of Preterm Birth-- PI: Timothy York. Ph.D.

1.York TP, Strauss JF, 3rd, Neale MC, Eaves LJ (2010) Racial differences in genetic and environmental risk to preterm birth. PLoS ONE 5:e12391 [PMCID: 2928274]

PILOT PROJECT: The Association Between Stress and Birth Outcomes – PI: Sabo Masho, M.D., M.P.H., Dr.PH

Related publications include:

1. Masho SW, Chapman D, Ashby M. The Impact of Paternity and Marital Status on Low Birth Weight and Preterm Births.  Marriage & Family Review.  2010, 46; 243-256.

2. Magnusson BM, Masho SW, Lapane KL. Adolescent and Sexual History Factor Influencing Reproductive Control Among Women Aged 18-44. Sexual Health, 2010, 7:1-7.

5. Magnusson BM, Masho SW, Lapane KL. Adolescent and Sexual History Factor Influencing Reproductive Control Among women Aged 18-44. Sexual Health, 2010, 7:1-7.

6. Masho SW and Archer P. Does Maternal Birth Outcome Differentially Influence the Occurrence of Infant Death among African Americans and Caucasians?" Maternal and Child Health Journal. (in press)

PILOT PROJECT: Enviro-Hereditary Related Factors Associated With

Disproportionately Occurring Low Birth Weight among African American Infants at Selected Virginia Regions --  P.I.: Phillip W. Archer, Ph.D.

1.There have been two poster presentations by students, one of which generated a published abstract entitled; Disproportionately Occurring Low Birth Weight Among African American Infants at Selected Virginia Regions: at the Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minority Students (ABRCMS) November 5-8, Orlando Florida. Abstract Book Poster Session 3, C8 page 178.

Research Core:  P.I.: Scott W. Walsh, Ph.D.

Abstracts
1. Stephens D, Washington S, Walsh SW. Staining of MMP-8, a neutrophil collagenase, in decidual tissue of patients with preterm labor, term labor, term no labor, and preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM). Presented at the 2ndAnnual Summer Research Programs Symposium (STEP-Up, HERO, VCU Alliance), July 31 – August 1, 2008, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (Abstract)

2. Mayo J, Walsh SW. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and RhoA kinase in myometrial cells. Presented at the 3rd Annual Summer Research Programs Symposium (STEP-Up, HERO, VCU Alliance and E-SPARE), July 30-31, 2009, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (Abstract)

3. Solotskaya A, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Matrix metalloproteinase-1: A possible key regulator of premature birth. Presented at the 6th Annual Women’s Health Research Day, April 7, 2010, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (Abstract #41)

4. Odusanya T, Washington SL, Walsh SW. Role of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in preterm labor. Presented at the 4thAnnual Summer Research Programs Symposium (STEP-UP, HERO, Health Disparities, and IMSD Programs), August 2, 2010, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (Abstract)

5. Nugent WH, Washington SL, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Epigenetic regulation of interleukin-17 cytokines and their role in neutrophil infiltration in preeclampsia. Presented at the 60th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, March 20-23, 2013, Orlando, FL Reprod Sci (Supplement) 20: 267A (Abstract F-257)

6. Nugent WH, Washington SL, Grider JR, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Neutrophil elastase in term and preterm labor: A novel and potent uterotonic enzyme that acts via PAR1. Presented at the 60th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, March 20-23, 2013, Orlando, FL Reprod Sci (Supplement) 20: 175A (Abstract T-211)

7. Nugent WH, Solotskaya A, Washington SL, Grider JR, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Active MMP-1 is markedly increased in preterm labor and causes uterine contractions via PAR1. Presented at the 60th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation, March 20-23, 2013, Orlando, FL Reprod Sci (Supplement) 20: 69A (Abstract O-022)

Publications

1. Mousa AA, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Reduced methylation of thromboxane synthase gene is correlated with its increased vascular expression in preeclampsia. Hypertension, 59: 1249-1255, 2012 PMID: 22493072; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3355228.

2. Mousa AA, Archer KJ, Cappello R, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Isaacs CR, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. DNA methylation is altered in maternal blood vessels of preeclamptic women. Reprod Sci, 19: 1332-1342, 2012; PubMed PMID:22902744.

3. Mousa AA, Cappello R, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Shukla J, Romero R, Strauss III JF, Walsh SW. Preeclampsia is associated with alterations in DNA methylation of genes involved in collagen metabolism, Am J Pathol, 181: 1455-1463, 2012; PubMed PMID:22863954; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3463634. 

Grants Pending

1. NIH, RO1 HL069851-10; “Oxidant Stress Mechanisms in Preeclampsia”; P.I. (40%); 12-01-2013 to 11-30-2018; $250,000/year (Direct Costs), $1,906,250 (Total Costs); to determine if epigenetic modifications in leukocytes, and those induced in smooth muscle cells as a consequence of neutrophil infiltration into the vasculature and myometrium are critical to the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. 

Invited Presentations

1. Invited Plenary Speaker, American Heart Association, High Blood Pressure Research Meeting, “Epigenetics of Hypertension in Preeclampsia”, September 19-21, 2012, Washington DC

2. Invited Plenary Speaker, North American Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy, "Neutrophils: Critical Mediators of Vascular Dysfunction in Preeclampsia" September 7-9, 2012, Kiawah Island, SC

Community Engagement and Outreach Core -- PIs:  Sheryl Garland, M.H.A. and Wally Smith, M.D.

1. Sepulveda A, Wilson D, Garland S, Dubuque S, Singleton R, and Kennedy M. One Tiny Reason to Quit: A Coalition-based Smoking Cessation Campaign for Pregnant African American Women. Cases in Public Health Communication & Marketing. 2010; 4: 28-56. Available from: Cases in Public Health Communication & Marketing - Volume 4 - Summer 2010.

2. Sepulveda, A., Kennedy, M., Garland, S., Svikis, D. and Smith, W. (June 2010). One Tiny Reason to Quit: A prenatal smoking cessation campaign in Richmond, VA. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence.

3. Kennedy, M.G., Sepulveda, A., Wilson, M.C., Wilson, D.B., Garland, S., and Dubuque, S. (June 2010). Whether and How to disseminate One Tiny Reason to Quit: A successful promotion of calls to a smoking quitline from pregnant, African American women. Poster presented at the 20th Anniversary Social Marketing and Public Health Conference.

4. Sepulveda, A, Kennedy, M, Wright, M, Cornwall, M, Smith, W, and Garland, S (November 2009). Perceptions of African American women about smoking during pregnancy: Results of focus groups. Poster presented at the 137th American Public Health Association Annual Meeting and Expo.

5. Sepulveda, A, Kennedy, M, Bradford, J, Garland, S, Masho, S, Svikis, D, Smith, W, and the Promoting Healthy Pregnancies Coalition (June 2009). Using a community coalition to develop a smoking cessation program to reduce infant mortality. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence.

6. Kennedy, M.G., Sepulveda, A., Bradford, J., Garland, S., Masho, S., & Smith, W. (October, 2008) Triangulation of formative data in an infant mortality prevention campaign. Paper presentation at the 136th annual meeting of APHA. 
7. Kennedy, M.G., Bradford, J., Garland, S., Sepulveda, A., & Smith, W. (September, 2008) Himmelman’s theory of the developmental collaborative continuum and the quality and acceptability of formative research in community-based, participatory social marketing.  World Social Marketing Conference, Brighton, England.

8. Sepulveda, A.L, Kennedy, M.G., Bradford, J.B., Garland, S., Masho, S.W., Smith, W.R., Promoting Health Pregnancies Coalition (April 2008) Infant mortality prevention campaign planning: Integrating data from multiple sources. Poster presentation at the 4th Annual Women’s Health Research Day, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.

9. Manuscripts on focus group findings and final campaign results are currently in preparation.